Young-Kwon Hong ¹, Kimberly Foreman ², Jay W Shin ³, Satoshi Hirakawa ¹, Christine L Curry ², David R Sage ³, Towia Libermann ⁴, Bruce J Dezube ³, Joyce D Fingeroth ³, and Michael Detmar ¹

¹ Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Building 149, 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.
² Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60153, USA.
³ Division of Infectious Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
⁴ BIDMC Genomics Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.

Correspondence should be addressed to Michael Detmar michael.detmar@cbrc2.mgh.harvard.edu

Kaposi sarcoma is considered a neoplasm of lymphatic endothelium infected with Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus. It is characterized by the expression of lymphatic lineage–specific genes by Kaposi sarcoma tumor cells. Here we show that infection of differentiated blood vascular endothelial cells with Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus leads to their lymphatic reprogramming; induction of 70% of the main lymphatic lineage–specific genes, including PROX1, a master regulator of lymphatic development; and downregulation of blood vascular genes.

1. Xie H , Ye M , Feng R , and Graf T, "Stepwise Reprogramming of B Cells into Macrophages".

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