By Dr. Robert Love

Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

An interchange of some forms of ribonucleic acid between the nucleus and cytoplasm appears to take place during mitosis. Nucleolar remnants are sometimes released into the cytoplasm at the onset of metaphase. The parachromatin of the nucleus is extruded into the cytoplasm at the end of prophase and may give rise to the cytoplasmic granular ribonucleic acid of the succeeding interphase. The diffusely staining cytoplasmic ribonucleic acid is altered little, possibly only by dilution during the increase in cell volume associated with mitosis. These observations are consistent with the theory, derived from biochemical studies [4], that there are two classes of ribonucleic acid in the cell: gene-dependent ribonucleic acid in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm, and gene-independent ribonucleic acid in the cytoplasm.

References:

1. Love R,  J. Biophys. and Biochem. Cytol., 3: 123 (1957).

2. Love R,  Suskind RG, and Huebner RJ,  J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 19: 49 (1957).

3. Schneider WC,  J. Biol. Chem., 161, 293 (1945).

4. Potter VR,  Texas Rep. Biol. and Med., 15, 127 (1957).

Additional References:

1. Prasanth KV, Sacco-Bubulya PA, Prasanth SG, and Spector DL, "Sequential Entry of Components of Gene Expression Machinery into Daughter Nuclei". Mol. Biol. Cell, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 1043-1057 (March, 2003).

2. Frenster JH, and Hovsepian JA, "Overshoot in Late Telophase for RNA Re-Programming of Mitotic Chromatin","RNA2003", p. 211 (July 1-6, 2003), The RNA Society, Bethesda, MD, USA.

3. Nakatsu SL, Masek MA, Landrum S, and Frenster JH, "Activity of DNA Templates During Cell Division and Cell Differentiation", Nature 248: no. 5446, pp. 334-335 (March 22, 1974).

4. Goldstein L, “Stable Nuclear RNA Returns to Post-Division Nuclei Following Release to Cytoplasm during Mitosis”, Exp. Cell Res. 89: 421-425 (1974).

5. Saha S , Ansari AZ,  Jarell KA, and Ptashne M, "RNA Sequences that Work as Transcriptional Activating Regions".

6. Frenster JH, “Nuclear Polyanions as De-Repressors of Synthesis of Ribonucleic Acid”.

7. Frenster JH, "Nuclear RNA Species Activate DNA Transcription Within Chromatin".

8. Hovsepian JA, and Frenster JH, "RNA-Induced Melting of DNA during Selective Gene Transcription".

9. Lamm ME, Childers L, and Wolf MK, "STUDIES ON NUCLEIC ACID METACHROMASY : I. The Effect of Certain Fixatives on the Dye Stacking Properties of Nucleic Acids in Solution".

10. Feder N,  and  Wolf MK, "STUDIES ON NUCLEIC ACID METACHROMASY : II. Metachromatic and Orthochromatic Staining by Toluidine Blue of Nucleic Acids in Tissue Sections".
 

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