"Unique microRNA molecular profiles in lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis".

Nozomu Yanaihara ¹, Natasha Caplen ², Elise Bowman ¹, Masahiro Seike ¹, Kensuke Kumamoto ¹, Ming Yi ³, Robert M. Stephens ³, Aikou Okamoto ⁴, Jun Yokota ⁵, Tadao Tanaka ⁴, George Adrian Calin ⁶, Chang-Gong Liu ⁶, Carlo M. Croce ⁶, and Curtis C. Harris ^{1, *},

¹ Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
² Gene Silencing Section, Office of Science and Technology Partnership, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
³ Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, National Cancer Institute-Frederick/SAIC-Frederick Inc., Frederick, Maryland 21702
⁴ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
⁵ Biology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
⁶ Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210

 ^*Correspondence: Curtis C. Harris:   Phone: 301 496 2048; Fax: 301 496 0497
curtis_harris@nih.gov

MicroRNA (miRNA) expression profiles for lung cancers were examined to investigate miRNA's involvement in lung carcinogenesis. miRNA microarray analysis identified statistical unique profiles, which could discriminate lung cancers from noncancerous lung tissues as well as molecular signatures that differ in tumor histology. miRNA expression profiles correlated with survival of lung adenocarcinomas, including those classified as disease stage I. High hsa-mir-155 and low hsa-let-7a-2 expression correlated with poor survival by univariate analysis as well as multivariate analysis for hsa-mir-155. The miRNA expression signature on outcome was confirmed by real-time RT-PCR analysis of precursor miRNAs and crossvalidated with an independent set of adenocarcinomas. These results indicate that miRNA expression profiles are diagnostic and prognostic markers of lung cancer.

http://www.cancercell.org/cgi/content/full/9/3/189/DC1/

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Links to RNA and Biological Causality:

A Brief History of  Activator RNA:

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A Brief History of Activator RNA:

"Ultrastructural Probes of Active DNA Sites, and the RNA Activators of DNA". (PowerPoint Presentation).